$ls -l filename
r : read permission.
w : write permission.
x : executable permission.
First combination of rwx represents permission for the owner .
Second combination of rwx represents permission for the group .
Third combination of rwx represents permission for the other of the file.
Octal notation (8진법 숫자로 표현)
Read or r is represented by 4
Write or w is represented by 2
Execute x is represented by 1
파일권한을 8진법으로 보는 명령어
stat -c "%a %n" filename
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